In which case is it permissible for a pharmacist to breach patient confidentiality?

A pharmacist may breach patient confidentiality in instances where there is a risk to patient safety or public health. This situation typically arises when it is necessary to disclose relevant information to prevent harm to the patient or others. For example, if a pharmacist learns of a situation where a potentially dangerous medication has been prescribed or a public health crisis is occurring, they have a professional and ethical obligation to report that information. The intent behind such disclosures is to protect the well-being of patients and the community, which is a priority in healthcare.

In contrast, disclosing patient information for promotional purposes, such as to promote new medications or at the request of a marketing agency, is not permissible as these do not constitute valid reasons for breaching confidentiality. Additionally, patient consent for disclosure should also be obtained under circumstances that do not relate to safety or public health, reinforcing the protective stance that confidentiality holds in healthcare practices.